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unix_101 [2016/05/25 15:21]
peek 		unix_101 [2016/05/25 15:24] (current)
peek
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 **CAUTION: There is NO undelete command for unix.  Once a file or directory has been deleted THERE IS NO WAY to bring that file or directory back.  The only way to recover a lost file or directory is to restore it from backup.** **CAUTION: There is NO undelete command for unix.  Once a file or directory has been deleted THERE IS NO WAY to bring that file or directory back.  The only way to recover a lost file or directory is to restore it from backup.**
 +
 +====== File Names, Directory Names, and Wildcards ======
 +
 +Most of the file you will provide a list of files and/or directories for a command on the command line, one at a time and separated by a space.  But what if there are too many pathnames to list one at a time?  Or, conversely, what if you're just too lazy to list them?  Computers were invented to be labor-saving devices, so of course there's a way to make the machine do your work for you.  That's where wildcards come in.  A wildcard is a special character or tag that the shell recognizes as a filter for selection criteria from a directory listing.
 +
 +^ Pattern ^ Matches ^
 +^ <code>*</code> | Used by itself, this will match any file or directory name. <code>
 +$ ls -1 *
 +Aware_-_Kontinuum.flac
 +Glaciers-SD.mp4
 +log-messages.txt
 +MendelMax_3_Full_Kit_Packing_Slip_-_Sheet1.csv
 +README
 +</code> |
 +^ <code>G*</code> | Matches any file or directory name that starts with a ''G''. <code>
 +$ ls -1 G*
 +Glaciers-SD.mp4
 +</code> |
 +^ <code>*.txt</code> | Matches any file or directory name that ends with ''.txt''. <code>
 +$ ls -1 *.txt
 +log-messages.txt
 +</code> |
 +^ <code>file*.txt</code> | Matches any file or directory name that begins with ''file'' and ends with ''.txt'' |
 +^ <code>READ???</code> | Matches any file or directory name that starts with ''READ'', followed by exactly three more characters. |
 +^ <code>[abc]*</code> | Matches any name beginning with either an ''a'', a ''b'', or a ''c'', followed by any number of characters. |
 +^ <code>file-[0-9][0-9]</code> | Matches any name beginning with ''file-'' and followed by exactly two characters. |
 +^ <code>[[:upper:]]*</code> | Matches any name beginning with an upper case character, and followed by any number of characters. <code>
 +$ ls -1 [[:upper:]]*
 +Aware_-_Kontinuum.flac
 +Glaciers-SD.mp4
 +MendelMax_3_Full_Kit_Packing_Slip_-_Sheet1.csv
 +README
 +</code> |
 +^ <code>[![:digit:]]*</code> | Matches any name not beginning with a number. |
 +^ <code>*[[:lower:]123]</code> | Matches any name ending with ''a''-''z'', or the numbers ''1'', ''2'', or ''3''. |
  
 ====== Leaving Things Running In The Background ====== ====== Leaving Things Running In The Background ======
Line 407: Line 442:
 ^ Type: | <code>$ mkdir /tmp/playground</code> | ^ Type: | <code>$ mkdir /tmp/playground</code> |
 ^ Type: | <code>$ find /tmp/playground ^ Type: | <code>$ find /tmp/playground
-/tmp/playground</code |+/tmp/playground</code> |
 ^ Type: | <code>$ cd /tmp/playground</code> | ^ Type: | <code>$ cd /tmp/playground</code> |
 ^ Type: | <code>pwd ^ Type: | <code>pwd
Line 419: Line 454:
 ./dir2 ./dir2
 </code> | </code> |
-^ Type: | <code>mv passwd fun</code> |+^ Type: | <code>$ mv passwd fun</code> |
 ^ Type: | <code>$ find ^ Type: | <code>$ find
 . .
Line 426: Line 461:
 ./fun ./fun
 </code> | </code> |
-^ Type: | <code>mv fun dir1</code> |+^ Type: | <code>$ mv fun dir1</code> |
 ^ Type: | <code>$ find ^ Type: | <code>$ find
 . .
Line 433: Line 468:
 ./dir2 ./dir2
 </code> | </code> |
-^ Type: | <code>mv dir1 dir2</code> |+^ Type: | <code>$ mv dir1 dir2</code> |
 ^ Type: | <code>$ find ^ Type: | <code>$ find
 . .
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 ./dir2/dir1/fun ./dir2/dir1/fun
 </code> | </code> |
-^ Type: | <code>cd</code> | +^ Type: | <code>$ cd</code> | 
-^ Type: | <code>rmdir /tmp/playground+^ Type: | <code>$ rmdir /tmp/playground
 rmdir: failed to remove '/tmp/playground': Directory not empty rmdir: failed to remove '/tmp/playground': Directory not empty
 </code> | </code> |
-^ Type: | <code>rm /tmp/playground/dir2/dir1/fun</code> | +^ Type: | <code>$ rm /tmp/playground/dir2/dir1/fun</code> | 
-^ Type: | <code>find /tmp/playground+^ Type: | <code>$ find /tmp/playground
 /tmp/playground /tmp/playground
 /tmp/playground/dir2 /tmp/playground/dir2
 /tmp/playground/dir2/dir1 /tmp/playground/dir2/dir1
 </code> | </code> |
-^ Type: | <code>rmdir /tmp/playground/dir2/dir1</code> | +^ Type: | <code>$ rmdir /tmp/playground/dir2/dir1</code> | 
-^ Type: | <code>rmdir /tmp/playground/dir2</code> | +^ Type: | <code>$ rmdir /tmp/playground/dir2</code> | 
-^ Type: | <code>rmdir /tmp/playground</code> |+^ Type: | <code>$ rmdir /tmp/playground</code> |
  
unix_101.1464189677.txt.gz · Last modified: 2016/05/25 15:21 by peek

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