Macho versus meek: Mathematical model makes media waves

Sergey Gavrilets' research on the influence of female choice in pair-bonding spurred worldwide media attention this week.

We were pleased to see Sergey Gavrilets’ research on pair-bonding make a splash this week in media outlets around the world. Gavrilet’s paper spurred some interesting, if not spurious, headlines, from “Caring guys and choosy girls led to monogamy” (COSMOS magazine) to “Macho man? Women actually want a provider says study into what created the modern family” (UK Daily Mail), which even included a pithy editorial cartoon on the travails of modern marriage.

Gavrilets’ study showed that female choice in mates played a critical role in human evolution leading to pair-bonding over early times of promiscuity. According to Gavrilets’ mathematical model, the transformation may have occurred when early-hominid females started choosing males who were good providers. The effect is most pronounced in low-ranked males who have a low chance of winning a mate in competition with a high-ranked male. Thus, the low-ranked male attempts to buy mating by providing for the female, which in turn is then reinforced by females who show preference for the low-ranked, “provisioning” male.

The paper, which was embargoed until Monday afternoon, was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Early Edition on Wednesday. But once the embargo lifted on Monday, the earliest news reports began appearing by Monday evening. Reporters were able to prepare their copy well ahead of the embargo date as the NIMBioS press release about the study was issued exclusively to reporters via EurekAlert last week. The first media report appeared in the Los Angeles Times online science blog with the headline, “Study traces origins of monogamous coupling.” The LA Times coverage nicely summed up the study, saying the roots of the modern family lie in “weak males with inferior fighting chops and the females who opted to be faithful to them.”

The media stories generated some interesting comments from readers, particularly following the Daily Mail article, about what exactly makes for good “male providers.” While the interpretation of the science and study might be slightly off, the comments about modern monogamy provide some amusement.

Some of the other media outlets in which the study appeared include:

Some of the funnier, and not-quite-accurate headlines, were:

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New Education Module on Mathematics of Disease

A thin-film Giemsa stained micrograph of ring-forms, and gametocytes of Plasmodium falciparum (cause of malaria) in human blood. (Shared through Wikimedia Commons)

Mathematics helps scientists fight disease –that’s the subject of a new NIMBioS education module recently posted on our website.  In the module, students use manipulatives (beans in a cup) to simulate a disease outbreak and to help develop an understanding of how mathematical disease models are created. In a second activity, students use real world health data and a computer data visualization tool to discover trends about malaria. This activity was developed with NIMBioS collaborator Hands On, and tested with high school students and teachers visiting NIMBioS for the 2012 Tennessee Junior Science and Humanities Symposium.

For more education modules that bring together math and biology, see the NIMBioS education module page.

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Literary Rap: NIMBioS Songwriter Raps for English Majors

Baba Brinkman (far left) visits Associate Professor Mary Dzon's (next to Brinkman) Medieval Literature Class at UT

NIMBioS Songwriter-in-Residence Baba Brinkman performed an excerpt from his Rap Guide to the Canterbury Tales for UT English majors during his April residency at NIMBioS. The performance took place in Associate Professor Mary Dzon’s Medieval Literature class. About 30 mostly upper-level English majors as well as graduate students and Professor Laura Howes, a Chaucer specialist, attended.

Dzon said she invited Baba to perform because she wanted to emphasize to the students that medieval literature was largely an aural phenomenon. “Baba made this point beautifully. He quoted by memory parts of The Canterbury Tales in Middle English and said that Chaucer was speaking the language of his day.”

Baba has a master’s degree in medieval literature from the University of Victoria, Canada. His thesis drew parallels between the worlds of hip-hop music and literary poetry. He released The Rap Canterbury Tales in 2004, and recently released a remix version, which premiered off-Broadway at the Soho Playhouse in November 2011.

“The students had a fantastic time,” Dzon said. “One of them even did her term paper on Baba’s interpretation of some of Chaucer’s tales.”

Baba has visited more than 100 high schools and colleges in over a dozen different countries since 2004, bringing the works of Chaucer and Charles Darwin to life on stage. He was formerly sponsored by Cambridge University as a “literary ambassador to schools” and has performed at Harvard, Wellesley, Brown, and Oxford.

Baba was NIMBioS’ Songwriter-in-Residence in April and May.

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NIMBioS Welcomes New Postdocs, Sabbatical Fellows

(Left to right) Julia Earl, Amiyaal Ilany, Ryan Martin

NIMBioS welcomes new postdoctoral and sabbatical fellows in the coming months to continue their research at the interface of mathematics and biology. The following postdocs arrive in August for their two-year long fellowship:

  • Jeremy Beaulieu (Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale) will incorporate Hidden Markov models into ancestral state reconstruction methods.
  • Julia Earl (Biological Sciences, University of Missouri) will use animal movement models to predict active subsidies.
  • Jiang Jiang (Biology, University of Miami) will work on a project to predict and detect the consequences of storm surges on coastal vegetation regime shifts.
  • Arik Kershenbaum (Biology, University of Haifa) will extract contextual information from vocalization syntax in dolphins and whales.
  • Keenan Mack (Biology, Indiana University) will model the dynamics of mutualism in populations structured by limited dispersal.

Other postdocs arriving later in 2012 include:

  • Ryan Martin (Biology, North Carolina State University) will investigate the causes of phenotypic selection in the wild. (September)
  • Amiyaal Ilany (Zoology, Tel Aviv University) will model causes and consequences of temporal change in animal social networks. (October)
  • Michelle Lawing (Geological Sciences, Biology, Indiana University) will work on a new framework to modeling evolving multivariate systems. (December)

NIMBioS also welcomes two new sabbatical visitors:

  • David Gurarie (Mathematics, Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University) will focus on the immunology of malaria from September 2012 to April 2013.
  • Matthew Spencer (Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool) will study community dynamics from September 2012 to January 2013.

Postdoctoral applications are reviewed three times per year, and the selected researchers are offered positions at NIMBioS where they conduct research that is mostly self-directed. Request deadlines are March 1, September 1, and December 17 for activities beginning six months later. For more information about postdoctoral fellowships at NIMBioS and the application process, click here.

Requests for NIMBioS support for sabbatical fellows are considered two times per year, with deadlines on March 1 and September 1.  For more information about sabbatical fellowships, click here.

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Ingersoll Shares Bat Ecologist Experience with UTEP

Tom Ingersoll, left, stands outside the main entrance to Carlsbad Caverns with a group of UTEP students and staff. Credit: Clemente Aguilar

NIMBioS Postdoctoral Fellow Tom Ingersoll recently visited the University of Texas-El Paso (UTEP) to share his experiences in bat ecology and modeling by meeting with students and leading a workshop and field trip to Carlsbad Caverns National Park. In Ingersoll’s collaborative workshop, “Introduction to Maximum Likelihood in Hierarchical Models,” undergraduates, graduate students and faculty worked through and shared ideas on how to teach hierarchical models, a concept that allows unbiased estimation of imperfectly observed phenomena (i.e. bat populations). Ingersoll also met a group of undergraduate students informally to talk about their interests and his life as a scientist. Then, Ingersoll led an all-day field trip to Carlsbad Caverns where the group toured the cave, discussed what is known from evidence about the natural history of the area, and witnessed the bats fly out in the evening.

This visit was arranged as a part of NIMBioS’ partnership with UTEP to promote diversity in research and education at the interface of mathematics and biology.

Ingersoll’s research at NIMBioS focuses on developing dispersal and dynamic models for the spread of white nose syndrome (WNS) in bats. Since first discovered in a cave in upstate New York in 2006, WNS has killed an estimated six million bats in caves and mines in North America. New research predicts regional extinctions of the most common bat species, the little brown bat, within two decades due to WNS. Ingersoll is working on three models for the disease. The first is a theoretical dispersal model based largely on simulation, which will inform data collection and disease containment strategies. The second is a map showing calculated probabilities for future spread to help local managers plan for the inevitable arrival of the disease in their area. The final model is a dynamic occupancy model based on collected data that will be used to investigate the environmental covariates of WNS occurrence. More about Ingersoll’s research can be found in this video and feature story.

Carlsbad Caverns is an unlikely site for white nose syndrome because the fungus grows at temperatures below 68 degrees Fahrenheit whereas the Carlsbad bats roost in a part of the cave that is 70 degrees.

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NIMBioS Website Wins International Award

NIMBioS is pleased to announce that our website has won an international award for excellence in technical communication from the Society for Technical Communication’s (STC) 2012 International Summit Awards. The Award of Excellence is given to an entry that “demonstrates an exceptional understanding of technical communication principles,” according to the STC.

NIMBioS was able to enter the international competition after winning a Distinguished Technical Communication award in January 2012 from the STC’s East Tennessee Chapter.

Last May, the NIMBioS website won a 2011 Award of Quality from the Public Relations Society of America Volunteer Chapter.

The website, which features videos, our press releases, science articles, educational modules, and much more, is written and produced by NIMBioS Senior Analyst Jane Comiskey and NIMBioS Communications Coordinator Catherine Crawley.

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NIMBioS Shares Biology & Math at USA Science & Engineering Festival

Representatives from NIMBioS and UTK's Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Department talk science and math with visitors to their exhibits at the USA Science & Engineering Festival

From top to bottom: US Capital Building; (L to R) Kelly Sturner, Jessica Bryant and Emily Austin visit with Hunter Bethea, legislative assistant to U.S. Sen. Bob Corker (R-TN); Emily Austin (L) and Jessica Bryant (R) at the Dirksen Federal Building

NIMBioS had a great time in DC last weekend exhibiting to a crowd of more than 150,000 at the USA Science and Engineering Festival. Billed as “the largest celebration of science in the USA,” special guests included “rock stars” of science and engineering from all over the country, plus the Mythbusters, Bill Nye the Science Guy, and much more. Even U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan was seen riding a robot. Kelly Sturner, NIMBioS Education & Outreach Coordinator, along with UTK Ecology & Evolutionary Biology (EEB) Department graduate students Emily Austin and Jessica Bryant and undergraduate honors biology major Sarah Wood interacted with science and math fans of all ages during the two-day event, which took up the entire exhibit floor of the Walter E. Washington Convention Center. Visitors to the booths sponsored by NIMBioS and EEB: “Is a Plant, A Plant, A Plant?”and “More than Mushrooms” learned about intraspecific variation in plants and how fungi aid in decomposition of organic matter.

Austin, Bryant and Sturner also visited the office of U.S. Sen. Bob Corker (R-TN) to talk about NIMBioS’ and EEB’s involvement in the festival. The group spoke with Hunter Bethea, legislative assistant to Corker, about how participation in federally-supported science education and outreach programs, such as NSF research experiences for undergraduates and Department of Energy education programs, led them to pursue science careers, and now inspire them to give back through participating in science outreach.

For more information about education and outreach opportunities at NIMBioS, visit https://legacy.nimbios.org/education/

 

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Lessons from Darwin: Hip-Hop Version

Baba Brinkman with DJ Jamie Simmonds performs "Rap Guide to Evolution."

Songwriter-in-Residence Baba Brinkman (left) and DJ Jamie Simmonds (right)

NIMBioS Songwriter-in-Residence Baba Brinkman brought his hip-hop exploration of modern biology to an enthusiastic audience at UT last week when he performed an hour-long excerpt from his critically acclaimed Off-Broadway show, “Rap Guide to Evolution.” He was accompanied by DJ Jamie Simmonds who also performs in the Off-Broadway show. The show inspired the crowd to interact with Brinkman according to his instructions as he sang selections from his Rap Guide to Evolution album including “Natural Selection,” “Survival of the Fittest,” and “I’m A African,” among others. On Friday, Brinkman was nominated for a Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Solo Performer for The Rap Guide to Evolution. The Drama Desk Awards have been given annually since 1955 and are considered one of America’s most important theater awards. The winners will be announced on June 3 in New York City. For more information about the NIMBioS Songwriter-in-Residence program, visit https://legacy.nimbios.org/songwriter

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NIMBioS in DC Today at USA Science & Engineering Festival

NIMBioS is excited to join representatives from UT’s Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology today at the country’s largest national science festival. The aim of the 2nd USA Science & Engineering Festival is to increase the public’s awareness of the importance of science and to encourage youth to pursue careers in science and engineering. NIMBioS and EEB are joining forces to present two booths featuring ecology and mathematics — one focuses on plants and the importance of variation in nature, and the other focuses on the role of mushrooms in forests. The fair, held at the Washington D.C. Convention Center, is a month-long celebration, culminating in a two-day exposition including 100 live performances and 3,000 different hands-on activities by more than 500 of the nation’s leading science and engineering organizations. The event is free and open to the public. When NIMBioS returns, we will post photos. Watch this space!

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NIMBioS Outreach Featured on AAAS Site

NIMBioS’s Education and Outreach program is a featured story on the AAAS Member Central website. Padmini Rangamani, UC Berkeley postdoctoral fellow and past NIMBioS workshop participant, interviewed Kelly Sturner, NIMBioS Education & Outreach Coordinator for the story. Sturner discusses how NIMBioS reaches out to schools around the country and also the challenges faced in integrating math and science in today’s educational climate. To ready more visit the story here. You must either sign in as a AAAS member to view this member-exclusive content, or sign up for a free guest pass.

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